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I like reading. I would like to say "I read a lot", however I must admit that "I read a lot." Back when I was a teenager, for several reasons. I had more time, had free access to the very sturdy paternal library, had no children, not working, etc ...

However, I am very surprised that today, in my spare time, often reading is not one of my priorities: many times I go to the internet or start studying or researching technology issues. But nevertheless, I enjoy reading. When I grab a book, it's hard to stop, unless it is very bad. And I'm what they call "good reader" ... What then? Why reading is not part of my priorities when choosing a fun?

hedonism and Epicureanism

Analyzing

very coldly, I admit that the mental effort I have to do to get me the computer is almost nil. Running from place to place on the internet has some hedonistic, I always feel that the surprise is just around the next page, my thirst for novelty finds its fullness in this way, and the effort required to achieve it is almost zero, or is summarized in a few tabs open Firefox ...

However, I realize that when I took the trouble to choose a good book, going into its plot and actively read and receptive, find another kind of pleasure: while still experiencing the feeling of surprise is always just around the next page (like clicking a link on the Internet), the pleasure is calmer, quieter, more durable ... more epicurean.

Generally, after a few hours surfing the net, left with a feeling of mental exhaustion, many received signals, many hopes of novelty, but also many disappointments. Little consistent content, almost no wire. Instead, after reading a good book, was completely serene with the feeling of having communicated with the author, of sharing emotions, ideas, concepts that he wanted to write.

A reading advocates

All this is a collection of concepts that should be obvious to everyone. However, it seems important to remind advocates of reading, these beings who complain that people no longer read, and who blame the TV, Hollywood, Internet, Playstation, drugs, and what not Moreover, in the background, reading, seeking pleasure. Whether emotional pleasure if I read a romance, an intellectual pleasure if I read a philosophy paper, but I always attracts the activity of reading, because I know find not only a pleasure but a pleasure to such superior durability. I would say that reading is an activity Epicurean, while most modern entertainments are hedonistic, like going for a walk with your family for a weekend is an epicurean activity while out dancing with friends is a pleasure rather hedonistic.

So what the defenders of the book comes up to tell their friends "go to the mountain with your wife and children instead of going to suck as sea shore? I think not, or if they do, should not have many friends or you should spend your evenings it wrong ... so what is the point in trying to convince people read? They can not be forced to experience the epicurean delights that only indulge in hedonism. Just enjoy, we readers, therefore we are more inclined toward the Epicurean, of the activity that fills us. And we hope that our books live forever. And you always know them again.

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reading "Roll over Beethoven?

a day like today, in 1827, Ludwig van Beethoven died in Vienna.

To remember this immense artist, I suggest (re) discover his Piano Sonata No. 24, Op 78 in F # major. Was composed in 1809, and dedicated it to her friend the Countess Therese von Brunsvik.

then the two movements that compose the sonata:

sonatas is one of the most famous of the vast musician, and perhaps one of the same artist that he liked.

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Rosetta - language tool

When I have to work with texts in several languages \u200b\u200b(French, English and English), I find it very inconvenient to have to open each time a tab with the dictionary I use most. Therefore, I decided to make Rosetta. A site that would simply look up definitions in different languages, based on the best sources available freely on the internet (the French Academy whose dictionary is available online through the work of atilf and ARTFL project, the Royal English Academy and The Free Dictionnary ).

Rosetta Why?
Obviously, this is a tribute to the Rosetta stone, which can be considered as the oldest dictionary known: playing in three languages \u200b\u200b(Egyptian hieroglyphics, demotic egicpcio and Greek uncial) the same text, a decree Pharaoh Ptolemy V revoking tax in the year 197 a. C.

What's the point?
Well, I intend use when translating texts, the truth is I do not like the bilingual dictionaries, so I prefer to look up the definition of a word in one language and validate that it matches the definition in another language. What if I have no idea how to say in another language to find the term to validate? In this case, is Google's translate tool, very practical: in the search bar, type:

translate \u0026lt;your palabra> \u0026lt;language Into Works of target>

're up. For example:

ouvre Into English translate

Into English translate your

translate Into English Buch

Y. .. " what else?

Secondly, to use some of this space to be telling the story of some words that I like or my attention. I'll be changing the cover regularly to make known a few words. We began today with Bourde , French word that means something like gross error. In all this, and gross Bourde ... common root?

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Create yourself a book in EPUB format

In this article we will see how to create, simply, a book in EPUB format, using basic tools found in any computer with the Windows operating system (XP, Vista or 7).

Note: The following operations were performed in an operating system Windows Vista Home Edition in English, it is possible that other versions of Windows or other languages, you have to change some details.

To avoid being too dry, refreshing take an example, and we will create, by way of example, a cute story for children, called The wolf, the goat and the seven kids . The original text of the brothers Grimm, and can be found in English or here in its original version, there . However, we will use as a base document as adapted and illustrated in 1978 by the Belgian Hemmerlin MA, childhood memory that he gave her godmother my little son last Christmas. The translation is faithful servant.


1. Create your workspace

First, we must create a new folder on the computer that call counts. In what follows, we will refer to this folder as your workspace.

Within our work space, create two new folders. The first is called META-INF, and the second OEBPS. META-INF folder contains the files descriptive of the publication, while OEBPS group the contents folder.

For the curious, OEBPS means Open eBook Publication Structure . Those who are curious or who are allergic to the technical terms can skip the next paragraph with joy.

EPUB A document has to obey three rules:

• Open Publication Structure (OPS), which defines the structure of the text which may contain an EPUB file. As we shall see, is a subset the basic language of the web, HTML. The current specification, which dates from 11/09/2007, is defined here.

• Open Packaging Format (OPF), which defines the structure of documents that must accompany the text, generally it is meta-data (table of contents, cover, etc ...). As we shall see, rests mainly on the XML format, which is the preferred language of information transfer today. The current specification, which also dates from 11/09/2007, is defined here.

• OEBPS Container Format (OCF), which defines the EPUB file format, ie the envelope in turn contains files defined by the above rules. There is nothing more than a zipped file with some conventions, we'll see the end of this article. A tip? If you have an EPUB file and want to see the files that comprise it, just change his extension. Epub to . zip, and then let Windows to open it, you'll probably two subfolders, which in turn contain several XML files and HTML ... but we are getting ahead. The current specification, which dates from 11/11/2006, is defined here. Apparently, our friends in the International Digital Publishing Forum (in charge of designing these rules), has something to 11 September ... good one, I say no?

2. The cover image

Now that our workspace is created, we have to draw a nice cover for our story. For that, we use in our example MSPAINT program from Microsoft that is included with Windows, but any program that is capable of generating an image (in PNG, GIF, JPG or SVG) is used. In particular, we could use the background of a photo, scan and retouch an existing home in Finally, there are many techniques for doing this, which could be the subject of several articles. The only thing, though, is that if you're using your EPUB file for commercial purposes, have to check the rights associated with the documents you use.

• the Start menu, you click on All Programs, then Accessories , and finally Paint .

• program opens with a white background the size of our image.

• first scales the image to a supported format (600x800 pixels). To do this, on the image , choose the option Attributes ...

• We entered the following values:
• Width: 600
• High: 800
• Units: Pixels
• Colors or Black & White Color

• Then press the button OK . Resize the picture to a rectangle that is our cover, in white.

• There, you'll have to leave work your boundless imagination and apply creativity to get a decent result. Clear that a program is as basic as MSPAINT, this is a feat. However, with a little work, you can get a result like (OK, not Magritte, but I've seen worse out of the twisted mind of a computín):

obtained image file must be placed in the folder OEBPS of our workspace, in our example, save the file with the name Portada.png . We chose the PNG format as it is one of the most optimized to render simple graphics in a pixel-based display. To record the image in PNG since MSPAINT, you have to click on the menu File, Save As ... option , and choose the type PNG (*. png) drop-down list under the file name.

3. The cover file

Now that we have our image, we need to include in a cover file. To do this, we must design a file in HTML format, and more specifically, in a subset of type XHTML 1.1. If this is Chinese for you, do not worry, the idea of \u200b\u200bthis paper is that you learn ... And if you want to learn, well, you are advised a wonderful tool, which makes all the hits, and more. Calibre is called, is available here , and is cheaper than lens gutter, it is free, open source, and on top, free.

Well, for the brave, to work: in our example we will use as a word processor program Notepad from Microsoft that is included with all versions of Windows (at least since I have use of reason), but any word processor capable of delivering a text in UTF-8 or UTF-16 can be used.

• Start menu , we click All Programs, then Accessories , and finally Notepad.

• In the file paste the following lines:

\u0026lt;? Xml version = '1 .0 'encoding =' utf-8 '?>
\u0026lt;! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC " - / / W3C / / DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict / / EN "" http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd ">
\u0026lt;html xmlns =" \u200b\u200bhttp:// www.w3.org/1999/xhtml "xml: lang =" en ">
\u0026lt;head>
\u0026lt;meta http-equiv = "Content-Type" content = "text / html; charset = UTF-8 "/>
\u0026lt;title> Portada \u0026lt;/ title>
\u0026lt;style type =" text / css "title =" override_css ">
@page {padding: 0pt; margin:0pt}
            body { text-align: center; padding:0pt; margin: 0pt; }
            div { margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt; }
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div>
            <img src="portada.png" alt="portada" style="height: 100%"/>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
   

brief explanation of the above:

• The first line states that we create an xml document, version 1.0, with the character encoding utf-8.
• The second line declares the type of document which is formed (XHTML strict, version 1).
• The third line declares the document follows the HTML standard, using the official namespace, and that language is English.
• The fourth line starts the head section file, which ends in the tenth line.
• The fifth line defines the type of content (text, HTML format, encoded in UTF-8).
• The sixth line defines the title (Home).
• The seventh line opens a space defined styles, which ends in the tenth line.
• The seventh line defines that the page does not have margins.
• The ninth line defines the text body will not have margins.
• The tenth line defines the constituent elements of the text does not have margins.
• The thirteenth \u0026lt;body> line starts the file that ends in the fifteenth line.
• The fourteenth line starts element \u0026lt;div> (subdivision file), which ends at the sixteenth line.
• The fifteenth line includes the cover image from the file portada.png, specifying that it must occupy the full height of the screen.
• The eighteenth line ends the file.

Finally, the Notepad, choose File menu and Save option. We locate the file in the folder OEBPS of our workspace, we call portada.html , we define the type as All Files (*.*) , and select the character encoding UTF-8 . After having checked all these elements, we can push the button Save .

To verify, we can double-click the newly created document, should appear in our default browser (eg Internet Explorer or Firefox), the image created in step 2.

4. The body text

Now, we'll have to type our text. To do this, it must be done in HTML format, the same as that used for the cover file. Therefore, using the same tool (in our case, Notepad), create the following file:

\u0026lt;? Xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf -8 "?>
\u0026lt;! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "- / / W3C / / DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict / / EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
\u0026lt;html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
\u0026lt;head>
\u0026lt; ; title> The wolf, the goat and the seven kids \u0026lt;/ title>
\u0026lt;/ head>
\u0026lt;body>
\u0026lt;h1> The wolf, the goat and the seven kids \u0026lt;/ h1>
\u0026lt;p> Once upon a time Mrs. Goat, a white goat who, before shopping at the neighboring village did not fail to recommend to his seven kids that do not open the door to anyone during his absence. \u0026lt;/ p>
\u0026lt;p> little kids were very obedient. \u0026lt;/ p>
\u0026lt;p> placed the big lock just your mom is out and on the window, looked away. \u0026lt;/ p>
\u0026lt;p> wolf, hiding in a ditch, had heard everything. He let the goat at his side, looked but did not attack because he found it very tough. "Fresh meat of their children has to be much higher!" He thought. \u0026lt;/ P>
\u0026lt;p> After some time the wolf came to Dona's hut Goat: "Open, my children," he shouted. "No! You're not our mom! It's too thick voice "responded the seven kids. Then the wolf, cunning, was to look for honey to sweeten his voice. \u0026lt;/ p>
\u0026lt;p> Soon returned and imitated perfectly the voice of Mrs. Goat. \u0026lt;/ p>
\u0026lt;p> kids were going to open when one of them was a thick black paw under the door and taught his brothers. \u0026lt; ; / p>
\u0026lt;p> "Go!" bleated then the kids. "Our mom does not have black legs like yours!" They added. "Apparently, these guys are very smart," thought the wolf. But an idea came to him and hurried to the bakery. \u0026lt;/ P> Unti \u0026lt;p> \u200b\u200b
one foot in the flour, and then hurried back to the cabin. "Open, my children," he said, being careful to pass his paw under the door white. This time, Kids Do not hesitate! It was the same voice of her mother, the same color hair and opened the door wide ...\u0026lt;/ p>
\u0026lt;p> Horror! A jump, the wolf entered the room. \u0026lt;/ P>
\u0026lt;p> little kids with terror, tried to hide in furniture, under the table and the stove. \u0026lt;/ p>
\u0026lt;p> What a pity! The wolf had been. He brought them out one by one from his hiding place and devoured them. \u0026lt;/ P>
\u0026lt;p> After having eaten six kids, he was satisfied and left the cabin without realizing that the seventh kid was hiding in the big clock. \u0026lt;/ p>
\u0026lt;p> returned from the village, found a mess Dona Cabra awful in the cabin and saw no trace of their children. Suddenly, he seemed to hear a bleating coming from the clock. \u0026lt;/ P>
\u0026lt;p> Yes! He was one of their beloved children! This told her mesaventura and Mrs. Goat was immediately into the river, knowing that after eating So the wolf would go there to quench their thirst. \u0026lt;/ p>
\u0026lt;p> a single snip, goat, wolf's stomach open and recovered his children tenderly kissed. And since that day, no wolf dared to attack the brave little goat. \u0026lt;/ P>
\u0026lt;/ body>
\u0026lt;/ html>

not go into detail here, the file follows the same structure as portada.html . Just notice that to delineate paragraphs within the \u0026lt;body>, use the tag \u0026lt;p>, and to highlight a title, use the tag \u0026lt;h1>.


Finally, in Notepad, choose File menu, the Save option. We locate the file in the folder OEBPS of our workspace, we call cuento.html , we define the type as All Files (*.*) , and select the character encoding UTF-8. After having checked all these elements, we can press the Save button.

To verify, we can double-click the newly created document, should appear in our default browser (eg Internet Explorer or Firefox), our story, separated into paragraphs.

5. The table of contents file

Although our story does not have chapters, and is more of a single block of text, the EPUB format forces us to declare a table content.

So do this in a document type NCX (Navigation Center eXtended, for the curious). To do this, it must be done in XML format, a relative of HTML we just saw. Therefore, using the same tool (in our case, Notepad), create the following file:

\u0026lt;? Xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?> ;
\u0026lt;! DOCTYPE NCX PUBLIC "- / / NISO / / DTD NCX 2005-1 / / EN" "http://www.daisy.org/z3986/2005/ncx-2005-1.dtd">
version="2005-1" \u0026lt;ncx xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.daisy.org/z3986/2005/ncx/">
\u0026lt;head>
    <meta name="dtb:uid" content="1978-0058-99"/>
    <meta name="dtb:depth" content="1"/>
    <meta name="dtb:totalPageCount" content="0"/>
    <meta name="dtb:maxPageNumber" content="0"/>
  </head>
  <docTitle>
    <text>El lobo, la cabra and the seven kids \u0026lt;/ text>
\u0026lt;/ docTitle>
\u0026lt;docAuthor>
\u0026lt;text> MA Hemmerlin \u0026lt;/ text>
\u0026lt;/ docAuthor>
; \u0026lt;navMap> \u0026lt;navPoint
class="chapter" id="cuento" playOrder="1">
\u0026lt;navLabel> \u0026lt;text> ; Story \u0026lt;/ text> \u0026lt;/ navLabel> \u0026lt;content
src="cuento.html"/>
\u0026lt;/ NavPoint>
\u0026lt;/ navMap>
\u0026lt;/ NCX>

brief explanation of the above:

• The first line states that we create an xml document, version 1.0, with the character encoding utf -8.
• The second line declares the type of document which is formed (NCX, version 2005-1).
• The third line states that NCX is a document, in English and declares the namespace.
• In the fourth line begins the section, which defines the following:
• The identifier "uid", which must be unique for publication. In this case we are using the serial number that had the physical book that we adptando. You can also use the ISBN number, or any other classification to uniquely identify a book.
• The depth of the table (1 to display only the titles of the chapters)
• Then two mandatory attributes that must be always 0, which are totalPageCount and maxPageNumber.
• Then come the \u0026lt;docTitle> , which is the title of the document.
• Then come the \u0026lt;docAuthor>, which is the author.
• Finally comes the section \u0026lt;navMap> , which indicates the chapters of our paper, this If there is one, which is the body text. PlayOrder attribute equal to 1 assigned the first place in our table of contents.

Finally, the Notepad, choose File menu the option Save . We locate the file in the folder OEBPS of our workspace, we call contenidos.ncx , we define the type as All Files (*.*) , and select the character encoding UTF-8 . After having checked all these elements, we can push the button Save .

6. The structure file OPF

Now, let's define the structure of our text in a document called OPF (remember the curious, Open Packaging Format ). To do this, we must, again, do it in XML format. Therefore, using the same tool (in our case, Notepad), create the following file:

\u0026lt;? Xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf- 8 "?>
\u0026lt;packa
ge version = "2.0" xmlns = "http://www.idpf.org/2007/opf" unique-identifier = "book">
; \u0026lt;metadata xmlns:opf="http://www.idpf.org/2007/opf"> xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
\u0026lt;dc:title> The wolf, the goat and the seven kids \u0026lt;/ dc: title>
MA MA"> opf:role="aut" \u0026lt;dc:creator opf:file-as="Hemmerlin, Hemmerlin \u0026lt;/ dc: creator>
\u0026lt;dc:description> adaptation of the famous tale by the Brothers Grimm \u0026lt;/ dc: description>
\u0026lt;dc:publisher> Open Your Books \u0026lt;/ dc: publisher>
\u0026lt;dc: contributor opf: role = "ant"> The wolf and the seven little goats, the brothers Grimm \u0026lt;/ dc: contributor>
\u0026lt;dc: contributor opf: role = "edt"> Hemma \u0026lt;/ dc: contributor>
\u0026lt;dc:contributor opf:role="ill"> MA Hemmerlin \u0026lt;/ dc: contributor> Charles opf:role="trl">
\u0026lt;dc:contributor B. \u0026lt;/ dc: contributor>
\u0026lt;dc:date opf:event="creation"> 2010-03-17 \u0026lt;/ dc: date>
\u0026lt;dc:date opf:event="modification"> 2010-03-18 \u0026lt;/ dc: date>
\u0026lt;dc:date opf:event="publication"> 1978 \u0026lt;/ dc: date>
\u0026lt;dc:identifier id="BookId"> 1978-0058-99 \u0026lt;/ dc: identifier>
\u0026lt;dc:language> es-Latn-CL \u0026lt;/ dc: language>
\u0026lt;dc:rights> (c) MA Hemmerlin 1978 \u0026lt;/ dc: rights>
\u0026lt;/ metadata>
\u0026lt;manifest>
\u0026lt;item id = "story" href = "cuento.html" media -type = "application / xhtml + xml" />
\u0026lt;item id = "contents" href = "contenidos.ncx" media-type = "application / x-dtbncx + xml "/>
\u0026lt;item id="img-de-portada" href="portada.png" media-type="image/png" />
        <item id="portada" href="portada.html" media-type="application/xhtml+xml" />
    </manifest>
    <spine toc="contenidos">
        <itemref idref="portada" />
        <itemref idref="cuento" />
    </spine>
    <guide>
            <reference type="toc" title="Tabla de contenidos" href="contenidos.ncx" />
       \u0026lt;reference type="text" title="Texto" href="cuento.html" />
\u0026lt;reference type = "cover" title = "Home" href = "portada.html" />
\u0026lt;/ guide>
\u0026lt;/ package>




brief explanation of the above:

• The first line states that we create an xml document, version 1.0, with the character encoding utf-8.
• The second line declares that this is a document OPF, and identifies the document with the attribute "Book."
• The third line reference the Dublin Core namespace and the namespace OPF.
• The next section, called \u0026lt;metadata> identifies a series of items meta-data:
• Title
• The author
• A description or review
• responsible for publishing The
• A bibliographic reference base used (contributor to type "ant")
• The editor (contributor of type "EDT")
• Illustrator (kind contributor of "ill")
• The translator (contributor type "trl")
• relevant dates: creation, modification and publication
• The unique identifier "Book": note should be the same as indicated in the table of contents as an attribute "uid".
• The language of publication (in this case, "English" character set "Latin" region "Chile")
• Copyright
• Then come the \u0026lt;manifest> , which includes all the files that make up the contents of the publication, along with your ID and type:
• The story, found for "story", which is a XHTML document.
• The table of contents, identified by "contents", which is an XML document type X-DTBNCX.
• The cover image, identified by "img-of-home", a PNG document.
• The cover, identified by "cover", which is a XHTML document.
• Then come the \u0026lt;spine>, or spine, which has sections that are presented to the reader in the correct order of presentation, in our case are just two:
• The cover
• story itself
• Finally comes the section \u0026lt;guide>, which publishes various sections for reading systems, in our case we have three:
• The table of contents (type "toc", ie "table of contents")
• The body of the text (of type "text")
• The cover (type "cover").

Finally, the Notepad, choose File menu the option Save . We locate the file in the folder OEBPS of our workspace, we call Cuento.opf , we define the type as All Files (*.*) , and select the character encoding UTF-8 . After having checked all these elements, we can push the button Save .

7. The package file

I have almost finished. We need now to create a package file, which indicates what the OPF file that identifies our publication. Again, this is an XML file, so we will do this in Notepad:

\u0026lt;? Xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?>
\u0026lt;container version="1.0" xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:container">
\u0026lt;rootfiles>
full-path="OEBPS/Cuento.opf" \u0026lt;rootfile media-type="application/oebps-package+xml" />
\u0026lt;/ RootFiles>
\u0026lt;/ container>

We will be brief here: the only interesting attribute is the "full-path" which indicates that the file Cuento.opf that identifies our publication, is in the folder OEBPS.

In Notepad, choose File menu the option Save . We locate the file in the META-INF folder of your workspace, we call container.xml , we define the type as All Files (*.*) , and select the character encoding UTF-8 . After having checked all these items, we can push the button Save .

8. Mimetype file

The last file that asks the EPUB standard is the file mimetype . This is a very simple file, plain text, we will do by the simple but very useful, Notepad:

application / epub + zip

then chose menu File, Save option . We locate the file in the folder of your workspace (ie directly into the Account folder), we call mimetype , we define the type and All files (*.*) , and select the character encoding UTF-8 . After having checked all these elements, we can push the button Save .

9. The final file

already have all the ingredients to make our final file EPUB format. To do this, nothing easier:

Go to the folder of your workspace folder (STORY).
select the file mimetype , META-INF folder and the folder OEBPS. We
click right mouse button and choose the Send To menu , and then select Folder compressed (zipped) .

The above creates a file called mimetype.zip .

rename it in Cuento.epub .

Y. .. Already! Do not believe me? Open it with Adobe Digital Editions ... (Reader of books in EPUB format for your PC, which is neither free nor open source, but which is free and available here .)

We have obtained a very basic file but thanks to which, I hope, the EPUB format and has no more secrets for you ... And since you have the gift to retoñito dreamed for the day of the child ...