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Cervantes and copyright

I'm reading Don Quixote. I'm not afraid to recognize that this is the first time I read it to my 28 years, first one never read it all right? and also, well, English is not my native language, so ... he is read throughout Rabelais me cast the first stone! Well, something that caught my attention in this book is that it begins with two sections, the first call rate, and the second simply KING (there is a section called WITNESS intermediary ERRATA, but not us).



treated in exactly what these sections? Well, those who are interested in a bit, I'll give what I think are the most important statements of the two, accompanied by a quick analysis:

RATE

rate reads:

I, Juan Gallo de Andrade, clerk of the House of the King our Lord, for those residing in the Council, certify and I certify that, having seen by the lords of a book called The Ingenious Gentleman of La Mancha, made by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, rated each statement of the book to three coppers and a half, which is eighty-three statements, that the said price of the book assembles the two hundred and ninety coppers and a half, that is to be sold in paper, and gave leave that at this price can be sold, and ordered that This rate is set at the beginning of the book, and can not be sold without it. And for that dello record, di this in Valladolid, twenty days of december one thousand six hundred and four years.

This paragraph Cervantes's book rate at a single price set by the state, and shows us very interesting things: first, the book contains 83 sheets of paper. Now the same book, pasted into a Word document in Arial 9 point, occupies some 700 pages in size "paperback" (16.5 x 11 cm). This means that, at the time of Cervantes, were read-books "maxi" playing with Word, I could tell that without complete with eyes made bags, our ancestors were reading a sheet of paper about 50 cm long if we accept that using a standard width of 21 cm (same size A4). "Not being that the statements were books" unfolded "and that the binding was reduced to half its size? If anyone has any idea, I'm interested ...


Another interesting thing is the value of the book: 290.5 coppers (for version "on paper", ie without binding, so the final consumer price was higher). According to a study of our financial research department, this book would cost in Nowadays the modest sum of 29 euros (ie, about 21,000 Chilean pesos). Take a few more coppers for binding and get a final cost of about 25 lucas in bookstores. This Gutenberg did something even better than the democratization of reading: the inflation of a product void in 400 years! In any case, hit the PLR \u200b\u200bthousand dozen eggs, which lost 50% of its value at this time.


Let's see what he says Felipe III.



KING

For
As part of you, Miguel de Cervantes, we were far relationship habíades written a book called The Ingenious Knight of La Mancha, which I had worked hard and was very helpful and useful, we pedistes and suplicastes mandásemos you to license and power to you to print, and privilege by the time we were served, or as our market was, by seeing which of our Council [...] was agreed that we should send our card to give this to you [.. .]. Why, for you do well and thanks, we give power to license and that you, or someone who has your power, and no other, you can print the book, entitled The ingenious hidalgo of Mancha, which is obsolete reference in these our kingdoms of Castile, by time and space of ten years to run and be counted from the day of the data that this our charter, under penalty that the person or persons without have your power, imprimiere or sells, or causes to print or sell, if he himself lost the impression which he vowed, with the molds and della gear, and more, incur penalty of fifty thousand pieces of silver every time you hand doeth. Which the penalty is the third part to the person who accuse and the other third part to our Chamber, and the other third part to the judge that it sentenciare. With as many times as hubiéredes to print the said book during the time of these ten years, it traigáis to our Board, together with the original that it was seen that each flat is initialed and signed at the end of Juan Gallo de Andrade, our Clerk of House, of which he resides, to see if this impression is as the original [...]. And send to the printer so that imprimiere the book, print the beginning or the first statement of him, or give more than one book to the original author or person to whom it imprimiere coast or any other, for the EFET this correction and rate, until the first and foremost on the book is edited and assessed by those of our Board, and, being done, and no other way, to print the said principle and the first statement, and put this on our ballot and approval, rate and errata, on pain of falling and incurring the penalties contained in law and Premat these our kingdoms. [...] Date Valladolid, the twenty-sixth day of the month of September one thousand six hundred and four years.

Good. First, it makes you want to say that he has more class than a fome:

(c) 1604, M. Cervantes

right? Now, let's look a little on what is stated here: first, it gives the author the right to publish his book. Somehow, we can say that this role is played today agencies review and censorship of literary works. Then, the length of leave is something new: in the case of Cervantes, was granted a permission to publish 10 years. Once this period "works in the public domain? Or call for tenders and decided to extend the deadline or give rights to another subject? As noted Cervantes Virtual Center, the end of this period coincides with the publication of the second part of the work. Then given to think that the copyright was not renewable.


What is nice is to analyze the sentence to which it exposes a counterfeiter who printed the book without the author's consent: 50,000 coppers (5,000 euros or 3.6 billion pesos at current exchange rates), which appears to be a fair comparison with our times, where the penalties are higher, but also benefits due to increased circulation of books. What I like is the way of sharing the cake: 1 / 3 for which denounces the offense, 1 / 3 for the state and 1 / 3 to the judge issuing the sentence. With this, guarantee swift justice and above all fair! And the author who was the main victim of fraud, pocket a 0% of the fine ...

Finally, we see that King is careful not to expose to the circulation of subversive and possibly altered versions of the work, by forcing printers to validate each new version of its Council. nothing more than another form of censorship that we all know, finally.

And?

To conclude, I would say that apparently, the issue of copyright has not changed much in 400 years. Perhaps the big difference is that the price of books no longer fixed by the state (although in some books have a single price). And with the democratization of e-books, is highly likely that more and more, are the authors to set the final price of your books and get copyright proportionately much higher than they agree with its editorial today. Amazon already does and you can bet that this set of trends in electronic editions for years to come.

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The value of a penny

How much is a penny the time of Cervantes (XVI and XVII centuries)?



order to study this interesting subject, we can refer to the population census of the provinces and the Crown of Castile in the sixteenth century published by Thomas Publishing MAXTOR Gonzalez in 1829. Google Books digitized part of the work , including the interesting Appendix II (p. 94), which reads as follows:

POINTING THE POPULATION OF THE CROWN OF CASTILE IN THE YEAR 1482

Alonso de Quintanilla, Chief accountant of Lords Catholic Monarchs sent
their Highnesses in 1482 following the alignment:

"Your Highnesses commanded me that I should think as
could shape people regno toviesen this your weapons generally, and non were
as unarmed people as they are. As I have long thought, and humbly
talking to your Highnesses, methinks that could shape the
agora toviesen board that the following weapons:
That in the é cibdades villas, Crown and Abadengo é Logan and
orders, and Behetrías, as they do in the provinces, which send
than five thousand coppers toviese finance, is tenudo take home a
shield, a lance é, é a sword, and a cap.
Item: toviese than ten thousand coppers of fasienda be tenudo of
take home a shield, é some armor, a lance é, é a sword, or a
armor, a helmet é, é a sword, and a dagger, dart é é a crossbow steel
three pounds, and a quiver of bolts.
Item: which of these people of ten thousand coppers, dende é above
have these weapons that I have: and those which may come to twenty thousand pieces of silver to finance
in Logar of the spring steel, with a shotgun, one hundred and fifty é
balls, and twenty pounds of gunpowder. "

interesting thing about this text, and his undeniable poetic value, is that we can have an approximation of the cost of living at that time, a hundred years before the parución of Don Quixote. A person with a farm (we could say, capital) of 5,000 was maravedís class person "medium low", which was to ensure their safety with minimal equipment (a shield, a spear, a sword and a helmet) while a person with a farm of 20,000 coppers up, class "medium high", should also have these (and more) basic equipment, a shotgun, terrible firearm capable of scaring even the most ferocious enemies.

To move this to our time, we have to set capital levels for deciding that a person is a lower middle class or upper middle class.

To find the levels of capital, I think the safest thing is to look at the housing market. Let's stay in Spain. How much is a lower middle-class apartment in Madrid? I think we can risk with 120,000 euro, taking a quick look at the site fotocasa.es . Preserving the factor 4 Alonso de Quintanilla, this would give us an upper middle-class home for some 480,000 euro. It seems reasonable.

This gives us an exchange rate of 1 penny for 24 euro.

And the shotgun?

Well, in conclusion, if you live in a house up to 480,000 euro (about 340 million Chilean pesos) will definitely get you have to think about this .

New elements

After several days of intense search, our financial research department found valuable information on the Virtual Center Cervantes:

In 1605, in New Castile, a dozen eggs cost about 63 coppers, and a oranges, 54, a chicken, 55, and a hen, 127, half a kilo of mutton, about 28, a ream of writing paper, 28.

This information allows us to find a conversion table:

article ; Rate Euros maravedis
63 2 Dozen eggs, 7 0.04

54 5 dozen oranges 0.09

A chicken 55 , 7
0.13 127 A Chicken ; 9 0.07
pound of Carnero May 28 0.18
Ream Paper February 28 0.07

Note: The author took the liberty to replace half a kilo of mutton and half a kilo of a poor cut of beef ... If any of you know where to get mutton, please pass the data.

Now, we know by averaging the basket fairly representative, in fact, a penny from 1615 is worth about 10 cents of euro (or about 72 Chilean pesos) in 2010. .. But then? What about the finances of 5,000 coppers? You could have a modest estate with 500 euros (about 360 luquitas)? Gwaw. Geez that has increased the price of land.

Another fact of equal importance: have set as the eggs have been devalued? Lost more than 50% in 400 years! Awesome, the industrialization of agriculture.

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I am a woman born in Haiti.

I look to the sky and wonder why the forgetfulness of God.

my grandfather's grandmother died of so many violations of the standard and many mayoral lashes.

slave was the last thing I did was help him escape your man to join the fight for independence.

My grandmother died of typhoid while my grandfather was killed by the U.S. Army. Then came PapaDoc

fill the prisons of my relatives when her breasts are not bulletproof. My grandfather died in rebel dungeons littered with maimed body of torture and dignity intact.

My parents were shot by the Tonton Macoutes, and I got to see you bleed in the indifference of desolate streets in fear.

My uncle died of AIDS, both infected by giving blood to get a few miserable coins for food.

Two of my brothers have died in daily violence and one ate it sharks to try to pursue the American dream.

One of my sons was taken by the hungry, quench not the cookies ground to appease the appetite and now one of my daughters takes this blue wall that brought us the earthquake.

Tell me what do I do with all this solitude?

Tell me what do I do with all this anger?

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The future of books is safe ... for Anglophones

is always very interesting to know the point of view of our English friends on any subject. But when it comes to reading, it is surprising.


In a column published yesterday by The Observer, Robert McCrum is interest to the future of books, with a remarkable title that begins "Is it really doomsday for books? " .

First, the author notes that the current outlook for the world of books "Anglo American" is stormy (compare bookstores mausoleums ossified tradition, brrrrrrr ...).

But then this leads to pessimistic views more encouraging: first, the interest in reading is still valid, despite the torments suffered by the traditional publication media. Second, the target audience for English-speaking writers has increased tremendously thanks to English language development induced by the mass of digital media.

In my humble opinion, this esteemed columnist is a bit blinded by their love of their mother tongue (which is completely valid). I'm not sure that increasing the number of speakers of English allow greater recognition Anglophone authors. This is for the simple reason that everybody likes to read in a language completely dominates. I do not require the same English language to open a facebook account to read a novel by Joyce.

Finally, the English-speaking writers owe their success more to globalization and financial interests of publishers gringo that the development of technology right?

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The Middle Ages of eBooks

By analyzing the constraints that some vendors apply their electronic readers, we can say we're still in a period of darkness digital.

Nook and Kindle

Yesterday in the Wahington Post, Rob Pegoraro published a review of the new reader Barnes and Nobles, the Nook. In this column, readers named three of the most popular North American market (the most important from afar worldwide): the Sony Reader, Amazon Kindle, and obviously, the aforementioned Nook.

Nook Kindle Compare more specifically, finding common points (e-ink screen, 3G wireless connectivity with Wi-Fi receiver built in case of failure of telephone service) and differences:

• Design: The Nook includes two screens, the reading pane and a second touch screen navigation dedicated to
• Autonomy: the Kindle would read more pages between two battery recharges
• Compatibility: The Nook to read personal documents uploaded to the device through a USB port, PDF, ePub, PDB or MP3 while the Kindle only reads files in their proprietary format AZW
• DRM (or Digital Rights Management): The Nook includes a feature called "LendMe" that allows you to provide a book after another customer of Barnes and Nobles for 14 days. Amazon Kindle prevents you from transferring a text to another device.

In conclusion the author states that although the latter option is interesting, the design flaws of Nook not make it a very serious competitor for the Kindle, which itself makes a big mistake in managing proprietary format and tie work to a device.


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I was much struck that the author does not question more deeply the issue of protection of works. It seems legitimate for the authors and that in general, the actors of the book industry worry that they do not pirate his work and finally, do not profit from using their work. But the consumer can not get hurt in this way. What justification can not read my own documents in my device? How can you justify not providing books that I bought from a friend? Perhaps I can not do with a real book? Why an e-book has to be more restrictive?
And when they decide to "open" their restrictions they do it too ridiculous: I can lend a book a time to a friend for 14 days ...

addition to all existing precedents in the music industry would not be a position somewhat anachronistic?

In this regard David Pogue, the renowned New York Times columnist, recounts an experience made with his publisher O'Reilly. Decided to release one of his books in PDF format unprotected: he realized that although the book could be found in free downloading at all corners of the Internet, sales of the paper version did not decline and even rose. Sure, her book won advertising. So? What are you waiting for the big players in the online edition to follow suit and find new ways of disseminating books that are not detrimental to the reader?

The music industry did, including Apple iTunes managed to consolidate their platform paid download music, when everyone was able to download music free . Hopefully the book industry knowledge to take this experience.

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Amazon opens digital text platform (DTP) to international Good news?

Amazon today announced they are opening their platform to sell digital books internationally. Specifically, this means that if you are a author or a publisher who wants to publish a book written in English, German or French and who does not reside in the U.S., then you can upload your book to Amazon DTP platform for distributing it electronically.

I'm going to make short.

1 .- You write a book in English, German or French (or you steal one, the point is that what you have to have digital formats).

2 .- You sign up at Amazon, I send the text, and covenant with them a list price and a royalty percentage. If you're not famous, it is common to propose a final price of USD 1.99 and a royalty agreements 35%.

3 .- Wait for someone to want to buy your book and receive 60 days after the last sale, a check (if the money accumulated exceeds $ 100).

The truth is that I am not the author, but if one does not know if I would really like these conditions. Amazon, doing absolutely no work editing steals 65% of your work. Only given the penalty to include you in their holy database.

Now, as you said, I am not the author, so it might be bad language and that is the dream of many people who robbed 65% of their creative work. For those who are tempted, watch for the next releases of Amazon to see when you open your DTP in English ...

Last Minute
Today (20/01) Amazon issued another press release which warn that the authors may apply for a royalty of 70% under some restrictions (see http://www.businesswire.com/ news/home/20100120005644/en/AMAZON-ANNOUNCES-70-PER CENT-ROYALTY-OPTION-KINDLE). This is valid from 30 June for the books sold in the United States. This shows that Amazon is to build a platform number one selling e-books, being very attractive commercially to the authors. But probably, without tiring too much editorial work of any kind. We follow the logic of a distribution machine.

With tweet cverdu for information, via Techcrunch (http://www.techcrunch.com/2010/01/20/amazon-royalty-kindle-dtp/) .

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Interesting article on the market for electronic books

According to ITWorld Mike Igan, electronic book readers are a transient fashion, as in his time, the PDAs.


Amazon and e-book market

In an article published in ITWorld , Mike Igan ago interesting analysis of the market for "eBooks": the divide between the market for the devices and the content market (ie, books). Realizing that the giant Amazon now dominates both markets, predicts that Amazon is slowly going to focus more on the content market to gradually leave the market not as juicy reading devices.


this analysis is interesting because it goes against the current statements for 2010 predict a boom in handheld readers of books. However, based on an example based on experience: in a not so distant past, many people used PDAs as personal organizers. With these devices, you could keep your list of contacts, calendar, task lists, etc ... Today, nobody uses or produces, and all use of smartphones, that do all the above plus a phone call, and more over are now able to surf the web.


eBook Reader and "tablets"

Igan Mike believes that e-book readers are going to go just as happened to the PDAs, which will be the "tablets" that will be deleted. The "tablets" are a kind of very thin laptops that use touch screens. Apple is working in one model, the iSlate, and several manufacturers have introduced their models in the large CES that developed in Las Vegas last week. (By the way, if anyone has a good translation of the term "tablet" in English, I'm interested. Whiteboard sounds very ugly is not it?)


prediction is valid, and indeed the speech that is to say that e-book readers are too limited and too expensive to be enforced in the market is not very new.


But maybe there is another alternative for consolidating this niche market: reader offer e-books at low prices, offering good quality reading and definitely not aimed at an audience "geek" but people who want to read.

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New Products: The Bookeen Cybook

site 01net announces the arrival of the new Bookeen reader from the CES in Las Vegas.


A reader to compete with the Sony PRS-600

Successor of Cybook Opus, this new model, thin and light, presents a particularity including In-Cell technology, which allows tactile functions more elaborate. In particular, the user can directly touch the screen with your finger, without going the typical pointer that accompanies this type of equipment.

also integrates Wi-Fi and Bluetooth and has an accelerometer, a device that allows you to change the orientation of the text by passing the device from vertical to horizontal position. Entertaining.

Its resolution is 800x640 (similar to that of an old computer), and equipped with the new interface Boo Reader 3.0, you can read TXT, PDF and EPUB. Can be charged through the USB port of a computer, to offer 3 weeks of autonomy.

Y. .. How much is the grace?

There is a good surprise, sold at 250 euro (about $ 180,000), lies within the reader so cheap. Be available in April in Europe, as the domestic market, there are no lights yet. But we continue to have faith!

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Orizon of War eBooks global

A small around the world of e-books ...


Consolidation in Spain
According to the site channelpartner.es , the eBook or electronic book is to consolidate as a means of "credible" edition this year. This is because in that market increases the presence of reading devices (100,000 estimate).

is expected to continue this trend of rising exponentially this year, both in the titles available in electronic form in the presence of reading devices.

Slow off in France

If we look at France, the country of Lights has a significant backlog with its neighbor. It points La Feuille , to take off this market requires 4 things: e-readers offer more competitive prices, better supply of books in electronic format, a platform to unify content, and finally an ambitious trade policy market players. Things will not happen in the future so close, say the authors.

Explosion in U.S.

According statistics published resourceshelf two weeks ago, in the U.S. there are 2.1 million adults who have an electronic book reader. The rest of the statistics confirms that it's still an emerging product: the range of people 35-54 years who have an income above $ 100,000 a year is over-represented ...

Another more precise information is given by MacDailyNews site, which takes statistics from Forrester. According to these figures, to date the only Kindle (representing 55% of U.S. market) would have sold 2.5 million copies. Another figure published is the number of readers who are estimated to sell in 2010: no more than 6 million. Course, being a Mac site, concluded that the Kindle is still a relative Poor wonderful iPhone.

What about Chile?

Well, obviously there are no official figures, by the mere fact that no manufacturer sold its products in Chile officially until recently. Now SlashGear recently we learned that Amazon is now shipping its Kindle, and Samsung plans to sell its Papyrus in the first half of 2010, as specified by Luis Cea of \u200b\u200bSamsung, in a comment to this article of Infoweek.

thenextweb

According , is very likely that 2010 is the year of e-readers. Beyond the cliché of the formula (Which has less painted the famous "The Twentieth Century Will Be American" Senator Albert J. Beveridge right?), We can bet that this year the world war of the largest manufacturers of electronic readers will have some effect on the market national.